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BCE Inc.: World's Largest LBO Deal in Jeopardy
Stephen R. FoersterCase IVEY-9B09N029-EFinanceIn November 2008, Bell Canada Enterprises Inc. (BCE) appeared to be on track to meet a December 2008 deadline to complete a $52-billion privatization deal. A consortium had previously submitted a winning leveraged buyout (LBO) bid that was estimated to add around $32 billion in debt to the company. Mere days before the deal’s termination date, BCE executives were stunned to hear that KPMG auditors advised that the deal was in jeopardy of collapse...Starting at €8.20
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Estimating Walmart's Cost of Capital
Stephen R. FoersterCase IVEY-9B19N011-EFinanceIn March 2019, two senior managers attending an executive education program had been assigned the task of applying their learnings from readings in order to estimate the costs of capital for Walmart Inc. (Walmart). They also needed to discuss why the cost of capital was such an important topic. The managers had with them background information, including a recent Walmart balance sheet and income statement; a U.S. Department of Treasury yield curv...Starting at €8.20
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Hopeworks: Reaching a Turning Point
Sheri Lambert; Amy Lavin; Charles MillerCase IVEY-W36846-EMarketing, StrategyHopeworks Camden (Hopeworks), a small non-profit organization based in Camden, New Jersey, with a $4.7 million annual budget in 2022, was looking ahead to 2024. It was mid-July 2023, and the board of directors tasked Don Rhoton, Hopeworks’ chief executive officer, and Onome Pela-Emore, their chief operating officer, to develop an expansion plan that is financially viable and increases their geographic reach, beginning as early as the second quart...Starting at €8.20
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L'Oréal USA: Digitally Optimizing Consumer Insights
Dennis Paris; Sheri Lambert; Amy LavinCase IVEY-9B21A012-EMarketingNima Gohil, head of the new digital and creative consumer research department at L’Oréal USA (L’Oréal), was preparing for the upcoming January 2016 board meeting at L’Oréal’s research and innovation headquarters in Clark, New Jersey. L’Oréal’s competitors were using new digital media to highlight beauty products to current and new users, and L’Oréal was under pressure to develop a better way to connect with consumers to maintain—if not grow—marke...Starting at €8.20
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Soom Foods: Zooming Out for A Booming Supply Chain
Neha Mittal; Sheri Lambert; Sara HonovichCase IVEY-W27963-EMarketing, StrategyFounded in 2013 by sisters Shelby, Jackie, and Amy Zitelman, Philadelphia-based Soom Foods (Soom) aimed to educate US consumers on tahini and make the product a staple in US pantries. By 2021, the business had grown into a multimillion-dollar revenue company and had achieved national distribution through an omni-channel sales effort. However, Soom’s reliance on the single-source Ethiopian Humera sesame seed to prepare its high-quality tahini had ...Starting at €8.20
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Unlocking Value At CSX: Responding to Requests from Mantle Ridge
Stephen R. Foerster; Ken MarkCase IVEY-9B18N002-EFinanceIn 2017, hedge fund Mantle Ridge acquired less than 5 per cent of the stock of CSX Corporation (CSX) and made demands for board representation as well as the installation of a new chief executive officer (CEO) of CSX. This new CEO had abruptly resigned from Canadian Pacific (CP) and joined forces with Mantle Ridge at the time the fund announced its activist position in CSX. On February 14, 2017, CSX management announced a special meeting and shar...Starting at €8.20
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Lenovo Group Limited - A Good Investment for the Fund
Craig Dunbar; Stephen R. Foerster; Ken MarkCase IVEY-9B13N017-EFinance, StrategyA portfolio manager for Penhall Investment Funds was reviewing the financial data his team had prepared on Lenovo Group Limited (Lenovo), one of the major holdings in Penhall’s Global fund. Lenovo wanted to become more than just the largest manufacturer of PCs by volume. It aimed to become a leader in other devices, such as smartphones and tablets, and it was focusing on innovation as a key capability. The portfolio manager was impressed by Lenov...Starting at €8.20
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BCE Inc.: Facing the Future
Stephen R. Foerster; W. Glenn Rowe; Heather TobinCase IVEY-9B09N015-EFinance, StrategyBCE Inc. (BCE), one of Canada's leading integrated communications companies, faced numerous challenges. In the key wireless communications market, BCE was trailing its competitors on growth and revenue. BCE's share price was underperforming and shareholders, including the powerful Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan, were becoming concerned. In addition there were regulatory changes on the horizon that could have a serious impact on BCE's wireless div...Starting at €8.20
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#OwnYourStar: Together We Can Counter Rising Antisemitism
Sheri Lambert; Amy Lavin; Jennifer BermanCase IVEY-W30125-EMarketing, StrategyHillel International was founded in the United States in 1929 as a non-profit organization, with a mission to enrich the lives of Jewish students so that they may enrich the Jewish people and the world. By 2021, it had grown into the world’s largest Jewish college campus organization with over US$50 million in revenue and had achieved international recognition by connecting students at colleges and universities around the world. In August 2021, t...Starting at €8.20
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BCE Inc.: In Play
Stephen R. Foerster; Heather TobinCase IVEY-9B09N018-EFinance, StrategyBCE Inc. (BCE), one of Canada's leading telecommunications companies, had struggled under its weak stock price performance and low valuation relative to its comparable peers, and faced increasing pressure from its largest shareholder, the powerful Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan (Teachers'). On March 29, 2007, it was reported that private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis & Roberts (KKR) had held informal meetings with BCE executives in the hopes of lau...Starting at €8.20